German shepherd dogs (GSDs) are predisposed to an inherited motility disorder of the esophagus (the gullet), termed congenital idiopathic megaesophagus (CIM), in which the esophagus is enlarged and swallowing is ineffective. Affected puppies are unable to properly pass food into their stomachs and consequently regurgitate their meals and show a failure to thrive, often leading to euthanasia.
The disease affects males more than females which is thought to be due to the estrogen protection role in females.
Congenital Idiopathic Megaesophagus (CIM) is thought to be caused by a mutation in teh gene which encodes a receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone, a signaling molecule that is linked to appetite, weight, and gut motility.
Together, sex and the mutation can help in predict affection status accurately in over 75% of dogs.
A DNA test is now available at Laboklin to help breeders in controlling this disorder in the breed.
