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1 ) Hereditary Myopathy / Centronuclear Myopathy (HMLR, CNM)
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Breeds
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German Hunting Terrier
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Great Dane
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Labradoodle
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Labrador Retriever
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Kennel Club
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This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Great Dane , and Labrador Retriever.
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The Disease |
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Clinical features of hereditary myopathy in Labrador Retrievers include hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, abnormal postures, stiff hopping gait, exercise intolerance and increased collapse when exposed to cold.
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Trait of Inheritance |
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Hereditary myopathy in Labrador Retrievers is an inherited autosomal recessive trait. This means that a dog can be clear (homozygous normal), affected, or a carrier (heterozygous). The carriers can spread the diseased gene in the population. Therefore, reliable information on non-affected dogs is the key to controlling this disease.
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Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Hereditary Myopathy / Centronuclear Myopathy (HMLR, CNM). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / CNM [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Hereditary Myopathy / Centronuclear Myopathy (HMLR, CNM) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: CNM / CNM [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Hereditary Myopathy / Centronuclear Myopathy (HMLR, CNM) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Description |
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This is a mutation-based gene test, which offers many advantages over other methods
The genetic defect leading to the disease has been identified. By DNA testing, the responsible mutation can be shown directly. This method provides a very high accuracy test and can be done at any age. It offers the possibility to distinguish not only between affected and clear dogs, but also to identify clinically healthy carriers. This is an essential information for controlling the disease in the breed, as carriers are able to spread the disease in the population, but can not be identified by means of common laboratory diagnostic.
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Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
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2 ) Exercise Induced Collapse ( EIC )
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NEW EUROPEAN EXCLUSIVE LICENSE 10/12/2008 |
We are pleased to announce that LABOKLIN has now an Exclusive License to offer the EIC DNA test (Exercise Induced Collapse) in Labrador Retriever in Europe. |
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Breeds
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Boykin Spaniel
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Chesapeake Bay Retriever
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Clumber Spaniel
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Cocker Spaniel
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Curly Coated Retriever
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German Wirehaired Pointer
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Labradoodle
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Labrador Retriever
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Old English Sheepdog (Bobtail)
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Pembroke Welsh Corgi
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Kennel Club
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This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Clumber Spaniel , and Labrador Retriever.
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The Disease |
Exercise Induced Collapse is an inherited condition that affects Labrador Retriever and related breeds. Affected dogs can endure mild to moderate exercise but after 5 to 20 minutes of heavy exercise with extreme excitement, the dog shows weakness and then collapse. Severely affected dogs may collapse whenever they are exercised to this extend – other dogs only exhibit collapse episodes sporadically.
Signs of EIC are not typically seen until the dog begin intense training. First symptoms are usually noted between 5 months and 3 years of age. However, it is confirmed that some affected dogs did not have collapse episodes until as late as age 10. |
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Clinical Signs |
The first symptom noted during an episode is usually a rocking or forced gait. The rear limbs then become weak and unable to support weight. Many affected dogs will continue to run while dragging their back legs. Some dogs appear uncoordinated, especially in the rear limbs, with a wide-based, long, loose stride rather than the sort stiff strides typically associated with muscle weakness. In some dogs the rear limb collapse progresses to forelimb weakness and occasionally to a total inability to move. Some dogs appear to have a loss of balance and may fall over, particularly as they recover from complete collapse. Most collapsed dogs are totally conscious and alert, still trying to run and retrieve, but as many as 25% of affected dogs will appear stunned or disoriented during the episode.
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Trait of Inheritance |
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EIC follows an autosomal recessive trait of inheritance.
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Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Exercise Induced Collapse ( EIC ). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / EIC [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Exercise Induced Collapse ( EIC ) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: EIC / EIC [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Exercise Induced Collapse ( EIC ) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Description |
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The the genetic mutation responsible for susceptibility to EIC was identified at the University of Minnesota (EE Patterson, JR Mickelson, KM Minor). This is a mutation based test that classifies dogs as Clear, Carriers and Affected. Clear and Carrier dogs will not show signs of EIS, however carriers can pass the mutation to their offspring. The test provides reliable information to dog breeders and owners that enable them to control the spread of the mutation in the breed.
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Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
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3 ) Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (HNPK)
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License |
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Laboklin acquired a worldwide license for HNPK
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Breed
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Labrador Retriever
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Kennel Club
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This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Labrador Retriever.
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The Disease |
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In nasal parakeratosis a genetic disorder causes the dogs nose to dry out. Especially, the dorsal surface of the planum forms keratinous scales, which adhere to the nose. Bloody fissures might occur in this structures, leading to chronic irritation and inflammation of the noses skin. The colour of the skin might change from dark to lighter colour.
Affected dogs develop first symptoms at the age of six month to one year. The nose can be treated with Vaseline, propylene glycol or salicylic acid containing products to ease the symptoms.
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Trait of Inheritance |
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Autosomal recessive
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Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (HNPK). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / HNPK [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (HNPK) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: HNPK / HNPK [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (HNPK) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Description |
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The causative gene defect was discovered by scientists of the institute for genetics, Vetsuisse-faculty of the university Bern (Group of Prof. Tosso Leeb).
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Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
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4 ) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127)
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Kennel Club: results of this test is accepted by the Kennel Club
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Breeds
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American Cocker Spaniel
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American Eskimo
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Australian cattle dog
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Australian Shepherd
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Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
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Australian Stumpy tail cattle Dog
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Barbet (French Water Dog)
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Bearded Collie
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Bolognese
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Bolonka Zwetna
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Chesapeake Bay Retriever
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Chihuahua
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Chinese Crested
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Cockapoo (English)
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Cockapoo (American)
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Cocker Spaniel
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Dwarf poodle
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English Cocker Spaniel
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English shepherd
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Entlebuch Mountain dog
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Finnish Lapphund
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German Spitz
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Giant Schnauzer
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Golden Retriever
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Goldendoodle
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Jack Russell Terrier
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Karelian Bear Dog
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Kuvasz
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Labradoodle
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Labrador Retriever
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Lagotto Romagnolo
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Lapponian Herder
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Markiesje
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Miniature Poodle
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Miniature American Shepherd
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Norwegian Elkhound
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Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR )
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Parson Russell Terrier (PRT)
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Poodle
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Portuguese Waterdog
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Schipperke
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Australian Silky Terrier
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Spanish Water Dog
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Standard Poodle
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Swedish Lapp Hund
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Toy Poodle
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Waeller (Wäller)
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Yorkshire Terrier
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Kennel Club
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This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in American Cocker Spaniel , Australian cattle dog , Australian Shepherd , Barbet (French Water Dog) , Chesapeake Bay Retriever , Chinese Crested , Cocker Spaniel , English Cocker Spaniel , Entlebuch Mountain dog , Finnish Lapphund , Giant Schnauzer , Labrador Retriever , Miniature Poodle , Norwegian Elkhound , Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR ) , Portuguese Waterdog , Spanish Water Dog , Standard Poodle , and Toy Poodle.
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The Disease |
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Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) as an inherited disease occurs in many dog breeds and also in different forms. The form of progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd-PRA) is a photoreceptor degeneration in dogs with varying ages of onset. This genetic disorder causes the degeneration of retinal cells in the eye: firstly, rod cells are affected, thus leading to progressive night blindness. Secondly, degeneration of the cone cells results in complete blindness of the dog, even in full light situations during the day.
Age of onset of clinical symptoms is typically in early adolescence or early adulthood. However, the onset of the disease may vary among different dog breeds.
Since diagnosis of retinal diseases in dogs may prove difficult, the genetic test on prcd-PRA helps to diagnose a specific disease and is also a useful tool for breeders to eliminate the mutated gene from the dog population.
Please note that Lapponian Herder can be affected two other forms of PRA, the IFT122-PRA and the Canine Multi-Focal Retinopathy (CMR) which is caused by a mutation in the BEST1-gene. |
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Trait of Inheritance |
The mutation in the PRCD gene which has been suggested to cause prcd-PRA has recently been published by the group of Gustavo D. Aguirre at the University of Pennsylvania, USA, and could be found in several dog breeds.
Prcd-PRA is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. So there are three conditions a dog can be: it can be clear (genotype N/N or homozygous normal) meaning that it does not carry the mutation and will not develop the prcd-form of PRA. Since it also cannot pass the mutation onto its offspring, it can be mated to any other dog.
A dog which has one copy of the PRCD gene with the mutation and one copy without the mutation is called a carrier or heterozygous (genotype N/PRA); while it will not be affected by prcd-PRA, it can pass the mutation onto its offspring and should therefore only be mated to clear dogs.
Dogs that develop this form of PRA have two PRCD gene copies with the mutation (genotype PRA/PRA or homozygous affected); they will always pass the mutated gene onto their offspring and should also be mated only to clear dogs.. |
Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / PRA [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: PRA / PRA [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
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5 ) Dwarfism (Skeletal Dysplasia 2 / SD2 )
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Breeds
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Labradoodle
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Labrador Retriever
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Kennel Club
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This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Labrador Retriever.
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The Disease |
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Skeletal dysplasia 2 is a genetic disease in Labrador Retrievers that causes an early halt in growth of long bones. In contrast to other forms of dwarfism (pituitary dwarfism), the result is 'disproportioned' dogs with shortened front limbs and raising dorsal line. Torso length and depth is not altered.
Based on the latest knowledge, affected dogs do not exhibit further symptoms like malformed genitals or neuronal diseases as in pituitary dwarfism. (Picture courtesy of Prof. Tosso Leeb). |
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Trait of Inheritance |
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Autosomal recessive
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Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Dwarfism (Skeletal Dysplasia 2 / SD2 ). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / SD [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Dwarfism (Skeletal Dysplasia 2 / SD2 ) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: SD / SD [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Dwarfism (Skeletal Dysplasia 2 / SD2 ) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Description |
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LABOKLIN now offers a genetic test for Skeletal Dysplasia 2 (dwarfism) in Labrador Retriever. The test for the mutation has been developed by Prof. Dr. Leeb's and Prof. Dr. Lohi's group. The disease is most spread in hunting and working types of dog. Despite smaller and disproportioned body size, no further symptoms seem to occur.
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Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
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Price
for the above 5 tests
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£ 150.00 (including VAT)
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| To order:
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Download
Order Form from this link 
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Complete the order form and send it together
with your samples to the following address:
Laboklin (UK), 125 Northenden Road, Manchester, M33 3HF
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