|
Tibetan Terrier DNA bundle (NCL - TT + PLL + rcd4-PRA + DM)
Test number: 8679
Price: £ 138.00 (including VAT) for all 4 tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 ) Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL )
|
|
Breeds
|
|
American Bulldog
,
American Staffordshire Terrier
,
Australian Shepherd
,
Border Collie
,
Chihuahua
,
Chinese Crested
,
Dachshund
,
English Setter
,
Golden Retriever
,
Goldendoodle
,
Gordon Setter
,
Miniature Wire haired Dachshund
,
Miniature American Shepherd
,
Miniature Long Haired Dachshund
,
Miniature Smooth Haired Dachshund
,
Saluki
,
Standard Long Haired Dachshund
,
Standard Smooth Haired Dachshund
,
Standard Wirehaired Dachshund
,
Tibetan Terrier
.
|
|
|
|
Kennel Club
|
|
This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Border Collie , English Setter , Saluki , and Tibetan Terrier.
|
|
|
|
The Disease |
 |
|
The clinical course includes increasing levels of agitation and possible outbursts of aggression, hallucinations, hyperactivity and epileptic fits. Most animals lose their ability to coordinate everyday muscular activities. As the extent of neurodegeneration increases, all affected dogs develop psychological abnormalities and ataxia.
|
|
|
|
|
Trait of Inheritance |
|
Ceroid lipofuscinosis in Border Collies and American Bulldogs is an inherited autosomal recessive trait. This means that a dog can be clear (homozygous normal), affected, or a carrier (heterozygous). The carriers can spread the diseased gene in the population. Therefore, reliable information on non-affected dogs is the key to controlling this disease.
|
Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
|
|
Dam
|
|
Offspring
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
 |
clear
|
 |
100% clear
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
affected
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
clear
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
carrier
|
|
25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
affected
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
clear
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
affected
|
|
100% affected
|
Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / NCL [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: NCL / NCL [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
|
|
|
|
Description |
|
The mutation-based gene test and its advantages
The genetic defect leading to the disease has been identified. By DNA testing, the responsible mutation can be shown directly. This method provides a very high accuracy test and can be done at any age. It offers the possibility to distinguish not only between affected and clear dogs, but also to identify clinically healthy carriers. This is an essential information for controlling the disease in the breed, as carriers are able to spread the disease in the population, but can not be identified by means of common laboratory diagnostic. * Please note that NCL in American Staffordhsire Terrier is run by a partner lab
|
|
|
|
|
Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
|
|
| |
|
2 ) Primary Lens Luxation (PLL)
|
|
Breeds
|
|
American Eskimo
,
American Hairless Terrier
,
Australian Cattle Dog
,
Chinese Crested
,
Danish Swedish Farmdog
,
Fox Terrier
,
German Hunting Terrier
,
Jack Russell Terrier
,
Jagd Terrier
,
Lakeland Terrier
,
Lancashire Heeler
,
Lucas Terrier
,
Miniature Bull Terrier
,
Norfolk Terrier
,
Norwich Terrier
,
Parson Russell Terrier (PRT)
,
Patterdale Terrier
,
Pug
,
Rat Terrier
,
Sealyham Terrier
,
Teddy Roosevelt Terrier
,
Tenterfield Terrier
,
Tibetan Terrier
,
Toy Fox Terrier
,
Volpino Italiano
,
Welsh Terrier
,
Westphalia Terrier
,
Wire-haired Fox Terrier
,
Yorkshire Terrier
.
|
|
|
|
Kennel Club
|
|
This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Chinese Crested , Jack Russell Terrier , Lancashire Heeler , Miniature Bull Terrier , Parson Russell Terrier (PRT) , Sealyham Terrier , Tibetan Terrier , and Welsh Terrier.
|
|
|
|
The Disease |
|
The zonula fibres secure the position of the lens. Dogs affected from PLL have painful glaucomas and blindness due to a dislocation of the lens due to a breakdown or disintegration of the zonula fibres. PLL can be inherited or acquired. Therefore the disease might also affect genetically free dogs. First clinical signs of the inherited form of PLL are detectable at the very young age of 20 months. A complete lens luxation typically occurs at the age of 3 to 8 years.
|
|
|
|
|
Trait of Inheritance |
Recently, Cathryn Mellersh and colleagues (Farias et al., 2010) identified a mutation in the gene ADAMTS17 that is responsible for the development of inherited PLL.
The mode of inheritance of PLL is autosomal recessive. This means that PLL-affected dogs receive one mutated gene (allel) from the mother as well as from the father. Hence, the parents need to carry at least one mutated allel.
In most cases heterozygous carriers are healthy. However, it is estimated that about 2 – 20 % of the carriers will develop PLL. |
Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
|
|
Dam
|
|
Offspring
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
clear
|
|
100% clear
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
affected
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
clear
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
carrier
|
|
25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
affected
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
clear
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
affected
|
|
100% affected
|
Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
A dog like this is healthy and does not carry the mutated allel responsible for PLL disease. Offspring
of this dog will not get the mutated allel.
Carrier
Genotype: N / PLL [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
The dog has one copy of the normal allel and in addition one copy of the mutated allel. Carriers have
a low risk of developing PLL, however they will pass on the mutation to their offspring. In most cases heterozygous carriers are healthy. However, it is estimated that about 2 – 20 % of the carriers will develop PLL
Affected
Genotype: PLL / PLL [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog has two copies of the mutated allel. Affected dogs have a high risk of developing PLL during
their lifetime. The mutated allel will be passed to 100% of the offspring. It is recommended to
examine the eyes of genetically affected dogs every 6 months by a specialist in order to detect the
clinical signs of PLL as early as possible.
|
|
|
|
Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
|
|
| |
|
3 ) Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA
|
|
Breeds
|
|
Australian Cattle Dog
,
Cockapoo (English)
,
Cockapoo (American)
,
Dwarf poodle
,
English Setter
,
Gordon Setter
,
Irish Red and White Setter
,
Irish Setter
,
Labradoodle
,
Miniature Poodle
,
Old Danish Pointing Dog
,
Polish Lowland sheepdog
,
Poodle
,
Small Munsterlander
,
Standard Poodle
,
Tatra Shepherd Dog (POP)
,
Tibetan Terrier
,
Toy Poodle
.
|
|
|
|
Kennel Club
|
|
This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in English Setter , Gordon Setter , Irish Setter , Standard Poodle , and Tibetan Terrier.
|
|
|
|
The Disease |
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a major hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated.
One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic.
The rcd4 PRA is another form of PRA, it is also known as LOPRA (Late Onset PRA) the age of onset of dogs with LOPRA varies from few years of age (2-3 years) up to old age (10-11 years) |
|
|
|
|
Trait of Inheritance |
|
Autosomal recessive
|
Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
|
|
Dam
|
|
Offspring
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
clear
|
|
100% clear
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
affected
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
clear
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
carrier
|
|
25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
affected
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
clear
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
affected
|
|
100% affected
|
Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.
Carrier
Genotype: N / rcd4 [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: rcd4 / rcd4 [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog is likely to develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
|
|
|
|
Sample Requirements |
Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal swabs. . |
|
|
| |
|
4 ) Degenerative Myelopathy / Degenerative Radiculomyelopathy) DM (Exon 2)
|
|
Breeds
|
|
Airedale Terrier
,
Alaskan Malamute
,
All Dog Breeds
,
American Eskimo
,
Bernese Mountain Dog
,
Bloodhound
,
Borzoi (Russian Wolfhound)
,
Boxer
,
British Timber Dog
,
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
,
Canaan Dog
,
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
,
Chesapeake Bay Retriever
,
Cockapoo (English)
,
Cockapoo (American)
,
Fox Terrier
,
French Bull Dog
,
German Shepherd
,
Glen Of Imaal Terrier ( GIT )
,
Golden Retriever
,
Goldendoodle
,
Pyrenean Mountain Dog (Great Pyrenees)
,
Hovawart
,
Pumi ( Hungarian Pumi / Pumik )
,
Jack Russell Terrier
,
Kerry Blue Terrier
,
Labradoodle
,
Labrador Retriever
,
Lakeland Terrier
,
Northern Inuit
,
Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR )
,
Pembroke Welsh Corgi
,
Poodle
,
Pug
,
Rhodesian Ridgeback
,
Rough Collie
,
Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier
,
Shetland Sheepdog (Sheltie)
,
Smooth Collie
,
Utonagan
,
Wire Fox Terrier
.
|
|
|
|
Kennel Club
|
|
This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Chesapeake Bay Retriever , French Bull Dog , German Shepherd , Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR ) , Rough Collie , and Smooth Collie.
|
|
|
|
The Disease |
|
Canine degenerative myelopathy (also known as chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord in older dogs. The disease has an insidious onset typically between 7 and 14 years of age. It begins with a loss of coordination (ataxia) in the hind limbs. As of July 15, 2008 the mutated gene responsible for DM has been found present in 43 breeds including German Shepherds, Boxers, Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Rhodesian Ridgebacks, and both breeds of Welsh Corgis. The disease is chronic and progressive, and resulting in paralysis.
|
|
|
|
|
Clinical Signs |
|
Degenerative myelopathy initially affects the back legs and causes muscle weakness and loss, and lack of coordination. These cause a staggering effect that may appear to be arthritis. The dog may drag one or both rear paws when it walks. This dragging can cause the nails of one foot to be worn down. The condition may lead to extensive paralysis of the back legs. As the disease progresses, the animal may display symptoms such as incontinence and has considerable difficulties with both balance and walking. If allowed to progress, the animal will show front limb involvement and extensive muscle atrophy. Eventually cranial nerve or respiratory muscle involvement necessitates euthanasia.
Progression of the disease is generally slow but highly variable. The animal could be crippled within a few months, or may survive up to three years
|
|
|
|
Trait of Inheritance |
|
Tow alleles are invloved in Degenerative Myelopathy, A and G, therefore a test result can be A/A, A/G, or G/G.
Mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive with variable penetrance;
|
Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
|
|
Dam
|
|
Offspring
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
clear
|
|
100% clear
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
clear
|
|
affected
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
clear
|
|
50% clear + 50%
carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
carrier
|
|
25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
carrier
|
|
affected
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
clear
|
|
100% carriers
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
carrier
|
|
50% carriers + 50%
affected
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
affected
|
|
affected
|
|
100% affected
|
Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will show signs of the Degenerative Myelopathy
Carrier
Genotype: N / DM (Exon 2) [ Heterozygous ]
The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the dog will show signs of the Degenerative Myelopathy
Affected
Genotype: DM (Exon 2) / DM (Exon 2) [ Homozygous mutant ]
The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The dog may or may not show signs of the disease
|
|
|
| |
|
Sample Requirements |
Buccal swabs or 0.5 - 1 ml blood in EDTA Blood Tube . |
|
|
| |
|
Price
for the above 4 tests
|
|
£ 138.00 (including VAT)
|
|
|
 |
| To order:
-
Download
Order Form from this link 
-
Complete the order form and send it together
with your samples to the following address:
Laboklin (UK), 125 Northenden Road, Manchester, M33 3HF
|
|
|
|
|
